In order to study the genetic control of resistance to COMMON smut in maize, two resistant inbred lines, K1264/1 and K47/2-2-21 and two susceptible inbred lines, K3304/1-2 and K47/2-2-1-3-3-1, were crossed as K1264/1 × K3304/1-2, K47//2-2-21 × K3304/1-2 and K1264/1 × K47/2-2-1-3-3-1. The F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 progenies were produced and evaluated along with parents using randomized compelet block design with three replications. All generations were artificially inoculated with spordia of Ustilago maydis suspension. Inoculation was carried out 7-10 days after silking through injection of 3 ml of 106 spores/ml fungal suspension, using tip injection method. At maturity, disease severity was determined based on ears infection and analysed according to generation means analysis method for three crosses. Joint scaling test showed that the presence of additive, dominance and epistasis effects, especially additive × additive and dominance × dominance type, and in lesser extent, additive × dominance, in genetic control of resistance to maize COMMON smut. Average broad and narrow-sense heritability based on three crosses data were estimated 80.3 and 57.3, respectively.

The use of zeolite was investigated to improve the environmental condition of COMMON carp. The fingerlings of 13 grams were tested in 4 treatments. Each treatment contained 60 fish and 3 replications, in RBD experiment design. The treatment was performed 20, 40, 80 and 120 mg/l and one without zeolite as control. EC, T, O2 and salinity was equal but the amount of No2, NO3, NH4 and total hardness, was lower in zeolite treatment compared to the control group. Other parameters such as TDS, pH and sulfide were not different. The results showed that using zeolite can improve the water condition but the SGR, PER, FCR and total weight, in spite of pronounced difference between the dosage of 8 and 120 mg/l, the difference was not significant. In treatment of 80 mg/l, weight increased for 31%, GR for 29%, SGR for 29%, PER for 42%, more than the control group. FCR in the control group was 3.07 while in treatment with 80 mg/l zeolite, it was 2.34.The present study showed by using zeolite and by good management to improve the water condition, it is possible to improve the growth parameters of fish.

Describing and explaining the nature of imagination and its function with regard to human being and ontology has always been one of the preoccupations of philosophers and thinkers. Plato is the first philosopher who considered an epistemological status for imagination and, by dividing the world into the world of reason and world of senses, he ascribed the knowledge of imagination to the world of senses. In different parts of Mathnavi, Molavi, the great Muslim-Iranian mystic, has paid much attention to imagination, its types, its status in the Knowledge of Man (both physical and metaphysical affairs) and its various influences on the body, soul and mental states of any individual. Thus, the present article aims to compare the concept of imagination in the view of the two thinkers. For reaching such aim, while using a descriptive-comparative method, first, the definitions of imagination in Mathnavi and Plato’s ideas are investigated and, then, the similarities and differences of the two views are shown. The conclusion is that their ideas are similar with regard to unreality and shadowiness of the world and phenomena, the relation between imitation and imagination, deficiency and restrictions of imagination for understanding the reality, whereas their ideas are different regarding the power of imagination, its epistemological status and the meaning and influence of it.

This paper is proposed a novel topology of a single phase grid connected inverter in order to conquest the COMMON mode leakage current. There are many topologies presented so far, But none of them has the efficiency more than 98 percent. In this paper, a modern configuration is presented that, not only delete the COMMON mode leakage current, but also increase the efficiency and power density and is affordable. this inverter consists of 6 switches and 2 diodes that in compare with similar ones, it has less element number. Than the famous topologies like H5, H6 and HERIC, the power loss and voltage stress on switches are decreased. These aspects are appears due to exclusive leg configuration and the placement of switches and diodes. The freewheel path revealed, decoupled DC side from AC side of Inverter which results in disconnecting the COMMON mode current. This issue will modify the network reliability indices and maintain safety standards. Finally the performances of proposed inverter will be compared and evaluated with some available Inverters.

Background and purpose: The present research was conducted aimed at sociological study of women's security FEELING in Tehran city.Method: The research was carried out using grounded theory. The under study population includes women who are housewives, working, 18+, married and single women in Tehran. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview, and after conducting 24 interviews, data saturation was achieved. Data analysis has been conducted using open, axial and selective triple coding method.Findings: The analysis of the participants' experiences regarding the security FEELING led to the identification and extraction of 664 open codes, 64 central codes and 27 selective codes, which were included in the form of a paradigm model including: causal conditions, background conditions, intervening conditions and strategies.Conclusion: In general, the results indicate that several factors such as providing social security, providing security and urban health, providing security in familiar areas and a sense of belonging to the environment, providing social health, improving the cultural and moral level of society, eliminating economic inequalities contribute to creating security FEELING. Also, issues that pave the ground for creating security FEELING on the part of women are: social surveillance, training and informing citizens about their social rights, establishing justice-oriented laws, ensuring justice and economic equality, cultural development, eliminating gender gaps, creating suitable urban structures and ensuring the citizens’   psycho-social health. Also, public support and participation, social surveillance, existence of commercial centers, training women with regard to defense capabilities, appropriate economic status and observance of women's social rights are among the interfering conditions in the emergence of security FEELING on the part of women. As far as strategies of women's security FEELING are concerned, one may refer to strategies such as economic development of neighborhoods, social health, which enhance women’s social interaction.

Background: COMMON variable immune deficiency (CVID) is the COMMONest symptomatic primary immunodeficiency and represents a heterogenous collection of disorders resulting mostly in antibody deficiency and recurrent infections. The syndrome includes impaired B-cell maturation, impaired somatic hyper mutation, reduced numbers of circulating memory and isotype-switched memory B cells, and absent or reduced plasma cells. B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is a tumor necrosis family receptor superfamily member 17 (TNFRSF17), expressed only on B cell lines, and is essential for survival of long-lived plasma cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate mutations in BCMA in patients with CVID in compare with normal individuals in Isfahan, Iran.Methods: Blood samples were collected from 10 CVID patients with substitutive immunoglobulin therapy before immunoglobulins (Ig) infusion and 10 normal controls in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tubes then DNA samples were extracted and after the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done, samples were sequenced.Findings: After reviewing the results of the sequence and alignment of the sequences, no mutations in the gene were seen.Conclusion: In addition to the study of mutation in BCMA gene, BCMA gene and protein expression level should be considered to understand more aspects of this disease.